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一、review:

肯定形式：
一般現在時態：
                ↗ is           ↗do                                    ↗have
             be → am      動詞                                       have
               ↘ are          ↘does 第三人稱單數                      ↘has 第三人稱單數

現在進行時態：  
                  
                     ↗   is
                  be →   am      +現在分詞
                     ↘   are
 
現在完成時態：   
                       ↗have
                  have              +   過去分詞
                       ↘has
 
否定形式：  
一般現在時態：   be+not     加上助動詞don’t   doesn’t
現在進行時態：   be +not +現在分詞
現在完成時態：   have (has)+not +過去分詞
 
疑問形式：
一般現在時態：   把be 提前      加上助動詞do (does)
現在進行時態：   把be 提前
現在完成時態：   把have (has)提前

(四)一般過去時態

構成： 動詞用過去式

1 基本用法：過去某一時間所發生的動作或存在的狀態，常和表過去的時間狀語連用，如：
a minute ago 剛才，yesterday 昨天，last week/month/year, 上周/ 月 / 年，in +年，during the night在夜晚，just now 剛才等時間狀語連用。（時間一定是過去的某個具體時間。）

e.g. my grandfather died last year.
      i finished my work yesterday.
      
2 構成：

①肯定形式：a 動詞過去式／規則 v +ed
                    ＼不規則
           be       was   /   were
             ↙             ↘
    第一，第三人稱單數     其他人稱
 
 
1、 the policemen警察 acted 行動quickly 快速because lives幸存 were at stake危險當中

2 、the chairman 主席proposed 建議that we stop the meeting. 

3、 she was close to success.成功

4、at midnight, we were aroused驚醒 by a knock at the door.

5、it was obvious 明顯的that she was not going home．回家

在一些敘述性文字（比如小說，故事）等常常用過去時態。

② 否定形式： a 主語＋didn’t +v 原形
               b 主語＋was/were +not
 
e.g.  the chairman 主席didn’t propose建議that we stop the meeting.
       she wasn’t close to success.成功

③ 一般疑問句形式：   did ＋主語＋動詞原形

    e.g. didthe chairman 主席propose 建議that we stop the meeting?
         was she close to success?成功

2009年理工類c級閱讀理解

when 33-year-old pete barth was in college大學, shopping at second-hand clothing stores在二手服裝店里購物 was just something he did -"like像 changing the tires輪胎 on his car." he looked at his budget收支預算 and decided he could save 節省a lot of money by 通過shopping for clothes at thriftshops.舊貨商店

（五）過去進行時態

 構成： was/were+v+ing   正在進行的動作

1 基本用法： 過去某一時刻或者某一階段正在進行的動作，通常都和表示過去的時間狀語連用。

 e.g. i was writing a letter at eight o’clock yesterday evening.
      they were thinking of 想起you all those years.

2 構成: 
   肯定形式：               was /were +v+ing.
   否定形式：               was/were+not+ving
   一般疑問句形式： was /were +主語＋ving 

e.g.   i was writing a letter at eight o’clock yesterday evening.
i wasn’t writing a letter at eight o’clock yesterday evening.
were you writing a letter at eight o’clock yesterday evening?
      
they were thinking of 想起you all those years.
    they weren’t thinking of 想起you all those years
    were they thinking of 想起you all those years?
 
2002年綜合類c級閱讀理解

　                                         up in smoke
i began to 開始smoke 吸煙when當――時候 i was in high school高中. in fact實際上, i remember 記得the evening晚上 i was at a girlfriend's 女朋友的house房間, and we were watching a movie電影-a terribly可怕的 romantic浪漫的 movie. he (the hero 男主角of the movie) was in love戀愛中, she (his lady) was beautiful, and they wereboth smoking. my friend had only僅僅 two cigarettes香煙from a pack煙盒 in her mother's purse錢包, and she gave one to me. it was my first time.

（六）過去完成時態


構成： had +動詞過去分詞   過去的過去


1 基本用法：

過去某一時刻或動作之前已經完成的動作（過去的過去），往往和by ,before 等介詞引導過去時間連用。

e.g. by the end of last year到去年年末為止, i had collected收集 more than多于超出 a thousand foreign 外國的stamps.郵票

she found發現 she had left留 her case 箱子on the train.火車

before daybreak黎明 ,they had already wiped out消滅 all the enemytroops.敵軍

the play 電影had already已經 started開始 when we got to 進入the treater.電影院

2 構成：

肯定形式： had +動詞過去分詞

否定形式： had +not +動詞過去分詞

一般疑問形式：   had ＋主語＋動詞過去分詞
 
before daybreak黎明 ,they had already wiped out消滅 all the enemy troops.敵軍

before daybreak黎明 ,they hadn’t wiped out消滅 all the enemy troops.敵軍

before daybreak黎明 , had they already wiped out消滅 all the enemy troops?敵軍
 
the play 電影had already已經 started開始 when we got to 進入the treater.電影院

the play 電影hadn’t已經 started開始 when we got to 進入the treater.電影院

had the play 電影already已經 started開始 when we got to 進入the treater?電影院
 
 

練習：09年衛生類a級閱讀理解

i immediately立刻 thought意識到 that it was probably 可能her imagination想象力, and that he had not actually實際上 done it on 

purpose有目地的. he had been there about a month at the time and had never從不 made any movements 活動on purpose. i asked her 

what had happened and she said, "1 asked him to squeeze 緊握my hand and he did!"