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Conversations

Dialogue 1

A: Good afternoon, Mr. Brown. My appointment was at 4 o’clock, wasn’t it?

B: Yes, Mrs. Wang. We have been expecting you. Mrs. Wang, this is Mr. Jordan of the People’s Insurance Company of China. He has come to explain the unfortunate affair about the insurance.

A: Thank you for coming. Mr. Brown, as you may recall, the

February consignment arrived at Manila seriously damaged. The loss through breakage was over 30% of the consignment. We’ve presented a claim to the underwriters through your firm, but the insurance company refused to admit liability, as there was no insurance on breakage. We naturally were not satisfied with such a reply.

B: I should like to hear what Mr. Jordan has to say about it. You know of course that we, the sellers, are merely acting as mediators in this matter. The Insurance Company is responsible for the claim, as far as it is within the scope of coverage.

J: That’s just the point. The loss in question was beyond the

coverage granted by us. According to your instructions, we made out an insurance certificate covering W.P.A. and the risk of break- age wasn’t mentioned in it. We rang up the Ceramics Section of Light Industrial Products Import & Export Corporation, but were told that their customer had not asked for coverage in case of breakage.

-- 下午好，布朗先生。我們約好四點(diǎn)鐘見面，是不是？

-- 是的，王小姐。我們一直在等你。王小姐，這位是中國(guó)人民保險(xiǎn)公 司的喬丹先生。他是來解釋這次不幸事件的保險(xiǎn)問題的。

-- 謝謝你來。布朗先生，你也許記得，二月份發(fā)運(yùn)到馬尼拉的那批貨 物破碎嚴(yán)重。破碎損失超過這批貨物的百分之三十。我們已通過你 們公司向保險(xiǎn)公司提出了索賠，但保險(xiǎn)公司以沒投保破碎險(xiǎn)為由， 拒絕承擔(dān)責(zé)任。我們當(dāng)然對(duì)這種回答不滿意。

-- 我想聽聽喬丹先生對(duì)此有什么看法。當(dāng)然，你是知道的，我們賣方 對(duì)這種事只是個(gè)調(diào)解人。只要在保險(xiǎn)責(zé)任范圍內(nèi)，保險(xiǎn)公司就應(yīng)負(fù) 賠償責(zé)任。

-- 問題就在這里。你說的損失并不包括在我們承保的責(zé)任范圍之內(nèi)。 根據(jù)你們的要求，我們出具了投保水漬險(xiǎn)的保險(xiǎn)憑證，但沒提及到 破碎險(xiǎn)。我們?cè)螂娫捊o輕工業(yè)品公司陶瓷品部，但他們說，客戶 并未要求投保破碎險(xiǎn)。

B: In the letter of credit only coverage for all marine risks?was requested. I should like to point out that our prices were calcu- lated without insurance for any special risk. So we applied for the usual W.P.A. coverage and let our customers deal with the matter of breakage. Since the validity of the letter of credit was going to expire in two days, there was no time to write for more detailed instructions. If the L/C had been valid for a longer period, we should have had time to make the matter thoroughly clear.

A: Mr. Brown, our import license only ran up to the middle of February, consequently we were not able to extend the validity of the letter of credit. But we presume that the wording of our L/C implies covering the risk of breakage. Besides, when I take a W.P. A. insurance, that is, with particular average, I should think the risk of breakage is a par ticular average, isn’t it?

J: Not every breakage is a particular average. It is a particular aver- age when the breakage results from natural ca lam i ties or mar i time accidents, such as stranding and sinking of the car ry ing vessel, or is attributable to fire, explosion or collision. If none of these conditions occur, break age is often considered as an or di nary loss and rep re sents what we call ?inherent vice or nature of the subject matter insured? which is outside the scope of the coverage.

-- 信用證只要求投保“綜合海運(yùn)險(xiǎn)”。我想要指出的是，我們的價(jià)格 沒把任何特殊險(xiǎn)計(jì)算在內(nèi)，所以我們只投保了通常的水漬險(xiǎn)，而讓 我們的客戶自行辦理破碎險(xiǎn)事宜。由于信用證兩天內(nèi)就要到期，來 不及寫出更詳細(xì)的說明。如果信用證的有效期長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)的話，我們就 會(huì)有時(shí)間把事情徹底說清楚。

-- 布朗先生，我們進(jìn)口許可證的有效期到二月中旬截止，因此我們無 法延長(zhǎng)信用證的有效期。但是我方認(rèn)為信用證的措辭包含了投保破 碎險(xiǎn)。此外，當(dāng)我投保水漬險(xiǎn)時(shí)，那就是對(duì)單獨(dú)海損要負(fù)責(zé)賠償， 我想破碎險(xiǎn)是屬于一種單獨(dú)海損，對(duì)不對(duì)？

-- 并不是所有破碎險(xiǎn)都是屬于單獨(dú)海損。只是由于自然災(zāi)害或意外事 故所造成的破碎，如貨船擱淺與沉沒，或歸因于著火、爆炸、或碰 撞所引起的破碎才算是屬于單獨(dú)海損。如果沒有發(fā)生上述事故，破 碎便常被認(rèn)為是一種普通損失，也就是我們所說的，由于“貨物內(nèi) 在缺陷或特性”所引起的損失，不屬于承保范圍之內(nèi)。

A: But the risk of breakage is covered by marine insurance, isn’t it?

J: Certainly, but it is a usual practice to make specific mention in the insurance policy or certificate that the risk of breakage is included. The inclusion of this special risk will be subject to an additional premium that will normally be higher than the basic insurance for the ordinary marine risks. The rate for such risk will vary accord- ing to the kind of commodity, or, as in ceramics, according to the fragility of the goods. I think you must know all about that.

A: Well, I have heard something about it but I can’t say that it is very clear to me. I must admit I’m a layman as far as insurance is concerned.

J: Then let me explain this insurance.

B: Mrs. Wang, would you care for a cup of tea? Or some coffee?

A: Thank you. A cup of tea would be nice. And now, let me hear more about the problem of insurance.

-- 但破碎險(xiǎn)是包括在海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)之內(nèi)，對(duì)不對(duì)？

-- 當(dāng)然，可是按照通常慣例要在保險(xiǎn)單或保險(xiǎn)憑證上特別注明破碎 險(xiǎn)包括在內(nèi)。包括這種特別險(xiǎn)就必須附加保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)。這種保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)一 般要比通常的海洋運(yùn)輸貨物險(xiǎn)的基本險(xiǎn)高。這類險(xiǎn)別的保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率 將根據(jù)貨物種類，比如陶瓷器，根據(jù)貨物的易脆性而有所不同。我想這些你應(yīng)該都知道。

-- 哦，我聽說過一些，但我不能說很清楚。我得承認(rèn)，就保險(xiǎn)而言，我是個(gè)外行。

-- 那我來解釋一下這種保險(xiǎn)吧。

-- 王小姐，想喝杯茶呢還是咖啡？

-- 謝謝，來杯茶倒挺好的。現(xiàn)在，我還想再聽聽關(guān)于保險(xiǎn)的問題。

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