1. Jack London poured into his writings all the pain of his life,the fierce hatred of the bourgeoisie that it had produced in him,and the conviction it had brought to him that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters.
第一層:Jack London 主 poured 謂 into his writings 狀 all the pain 賓 of his life,定 the fierce hatred 賓 of the bourgeoisie 定 that it had produced in him ,定語從句1 and 連 the conviction 賓 it had brought to him 定語從句2 that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise 同位語從句 up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters .
第二層:(定語從句1)that 引 it 主 had produced 謂 in him 狀
?。ǘㄕZ從句2)it 主 had brought to 謂 him 間賓
?。ㄍ徽Z從句)that 引 the world 主 could be made 謂 a better place 賓 to live in 定 if the exploited would rise up and take the man- 狀語從句 agement of society out of the hands of the exploiters.
第三層:(狀語從句)if 引 the exploited 主 would rise up 謂 and 連 take 謂 the management 賓 of society 定 out of the hands of the exploiters 狀
要點 本句為倒裝句。如果賓語較長或賓語結構比較復雜,往往將賓語后置,采用倒裝語序,以使句子保持平衡。本句的賓語由三個并列的名詞構成,且第二和第三個名詞后又帶有限定性定語從句,故采用倒裝語序,將動詞poured的賓語放在狀語into his writings之后。all the pain……,the fierce hatred……和the conviction……是poured的三個并列的賓語;其中,第一個that引導的定語從句修飾hatred,it had brought to him修飾conviction,在該定語從句中其關系代詞作賓語而被省略;第二個that從句則是conviction的同位語從句。
譯文 杰克·倫敦在作品中傾注了他一生中所遭受過的一切痛苦,傾訴了這種痛苦在他心中產生的對資產階級的刻骨仇恨以及由此產生的這樣的信念:如果被剝削者起來反抗,從剝削者手中奪回社會管理權,那么世界就會變成一個人人有好日子過的地方。
2. Along with them goes social mobility,ambition to rise in the urban world,a main factor in bringing down the births in Europe in the nineteenth century.
分析:Along with them 狀 goes 謂 social 定 mobility,主 ambition 主 to rise in the 定 urban world,a main factor 同位語 in bringing down the births in Europe in the nineteenth century. 定
要點 這是一個完全倒裝句,主語是social mobility……century,謂語動詞是goes.ambition to rise in the urban world 是對 social mobility的進一步說明。a main factor在意思上相當于which is a main factor in……century,修飾 ambition to ……world.本句可按原文順序翻譯。
譯文 伴隨他們而來的是社會的流動性,人們強烈地希望在城市里發展,這是19世紀歐洲出生率下降的主要因素。
3. For example,they do not compensate for gross social inequality,and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.
要點 句中had he grown up …… 是虛擬條件中省略if的倒裝結構。翻譯時,要把if的含義譯出。主句為并列謂語…… compensate …… , and …… tell結構。句中how引導賓語從句。虛擬條件句為賓語從句的狀語。根據漢語的表達習慣,條件狀語常前置。
譯文 例如,它們并不彌補明顯的社會不公;因此,它們說明不了一個物質條件差的年輕人,如果在較好的環境下成長,會有多大的才干。
4. So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.
要點 本句的基本結構是the children become so involved with their computers that……。因為把so involved with their computers 放在了句首,所以句子必須倒裝。因為該句的動詞是become,所以用do來幫助倒裝。翻譯時宜用正裝語序。
譯文 參加計算機夏令營的孩子們對計算機如此著迷,以至夏令營的負責人常常不得不強迫他們停下來參加體育運動或做游戲。
5. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized,it is in the interest of business to universalize access - after all,the more people online,the more potential customers there are.
要點 破折號后面的部分是用來解釋句子主句的,在結構上是部分倒裝句,屬(從句)the+比較級……,(主句) the +比較級句型,這樣的句子一般主謂不倒裝。翻譯時可用正裝。universalize:使普遍化;使通用化。
譯文 隨著國際互聯網越來越商業化,普及上網會對商家有利,因為上網的人越多,潛在的顧客數量就越多。
(責任編輯:中大編輯)