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【導(dǎo)讀】本文是由中大職稱英語考試網(wǎng)編輯整理的職稱英語衛(wèi)生類相關(guān)復(fù)習(xí)題,更多免費精選職稱英語考試練習(xí)題盡在中大職稱英語考試網(wǎng),敬請關(guān)注!
Seeing the World Centuries Ago
If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor,it will not surprise you to lean that travel writing has a long and venerable history. Almost from the earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.1
One of the earliest travel writers,a Greek geographer and historian named Strabo,lived around the time of Christ. Though Strabo is known to have traveled from east of the Black Sea west to Italy and as far south as Ethiopia,he also used details gleaned from other writers to extend and enliven his accounts. His multivolumed work Geography provides the only surviving account of the cities,peoples,customs,and geographical peculiarities of the whole known world of his time.
Two other classic travel writers,the ltalian Marco Polo and the Moroccan Ibn Battutah,lived in roughly the same time period. Marco Polo traveled to China with his father and uncle in about A.D.1275 and remained there 16 or 17 years,visiting several other countries during his travels. When Marco returned to ltaly he dictated his memoirs,including stories he had heard from others,to a scribe,with the resulting book II milione being an instant success.Though difficult to attest to the accuracy of all he says,Marco's book impelled Europeans to begin their great voyages of exploration.
lbn Battutah's interest in travel began on his required Muslim joumey to Mecca in 1325,and during his lifetime he journeyed through all the countries where Islam held sway. 3 His travel book
The Rihlah is a personalized account of desert journeys,court intrigues,and even the effect of the Back Death in the various lands he visited . In almost 30 years of traveling it is estimated that Ibn Battutah covered more than 75,000 miles.
詞匯:
venerable 莊嚴的,值得尊敬的 enliven 使生動
account 記述 voyage 航行 exotic 異國的,外來的
注釋:
1. Almost from the earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales. 幾乎從最早有時間記載開始,人們就發(fā)現(xiàn),他們對去一個陌生地方旅行的記錄是不乏讀者的。
2. …Marco's book impelled Europeans to begin their great voyages of exploration.……馬可的書促使歐洲人開始了他們偉大的航海探索之旅。
3. …h(huán)e journeyed through all the countries where Islam held sway.……他去了所有伊斯蘭教掌權(quán)的國家旅行。
練習(xí):
1. This passage is mostly about__________.
A) why people find travel writing exciting
B) the literary style of three early travel writers
C) where three early travel writers went and wrote about
D) how to write a travel book
2.Ibn Battutah traveled__________.
A) to China
B) to Ethiopia
C) throughout the Muslim word
D) for 16 or 17 years
3. The books bf the three writers were popular because__________.
A) they listed good places to stay
B) they told of strange and exotic locales
C) they explained the best routes to get to places
D) all of their stories were firsthand accounts
4. The overall organization of this passage is through__________.
A) chronological order
B) spatial description
C) travel writers’ personal narratives
D) persuasive details
5. In this passage attest means to__________.
A) give an examination to
B) draw a map of
C) tell lies to
D) give proof of
答案與題解:
1.C 本題問的是:這篇文章主要講了什么? A的意思是為什么人們覺得旅行寫作令人激動。
B 的意思是三位早期旅行作家的文學(xué)風(fēng)格。C的意思是三位早期旅行作家去過的地方以及 他們的寫作內(nèi)容。D的意思是如何寫一部旅行作品。根據(jù)本文內(nèi)容,C選項最符合題意。因此C是正確的答案。
2.C 本題問的是:Ibn Battutah到過哪里旅行?根據(jù)最后一段的第一句話:he journeyed through all the countries where Islam held sway,可知,他去過了所有穆斯林的國家。因此C是正確的答案。
3.B 本題問的是:三位作家的作品都很受歡迎,原因是什么? A 的意思是他們列出了好的地 方。B的意思是他們寫出了陌生的外面的地方。C的意思是他們說明了去一些地方的最好路線。D的意思是他們的所有故事都是一手資料。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句話可知,旅行作品吸引讀者的地方在于它描述了一個陌生的地方,因此B是正確的答案。
4.A 本題問的是:這篇文章的整體布局是依照什么?本文主要依照時間順序介紹了公元前后 的三位作家,按時間先后用序,因此A是正確的答案。
5. D 本題問的是:在這篇文章中attest是什么意思? attest出現(xiàn)在第三段的最后一句話,為的是表達馬可所說的無法被證實是否都屬實。A的意思是考察。B的意思是畫一張地圖。C的意思是說謊。D的意思是證實。因此D是正確的答案。
譯文:看許久以前的世界
如果你喜歡讀類似亞瑟?弗洛梅爾或尤金?弗多這些令人熟知的作家寫的旅行圖書,那么你 就不會驚訝于旅行寫作那悠長、令人肅然起敬的歷史。幾乎從最早有記載的時期開始,人們就發(fā) 現(xiàn),他們對去一個陌生地方旅行的記錄是不乏讀者的。
公元前后的希臘地理學(xué)家、歷史學(xué)家斯特雷波,就是最早的旅行作家之一。雖然斯特雷波因 從黑海的東部出發(fā),西至意大利1南至埃塞俄比亞而聞名,他也借鑒了其他作者的記錄來使他的 作品內(nèi)容更豐富生動。他的多卷著作《地理》是唯一一部記錄當(dāng)時世界上城市、人、風(fēng)俗、地理 特征的作品。
大概同時期的另兩位優(yōu)秀的旅行作家是意大利人馬可?波羅和摩洛哥人伊本?白圖泰。馬 可?波羅在公元1275年同他的父親和叔叔去了中國,在那里待了十六七年,在這期間他也去了一 些其他國家。回到意大利后,他向一位作家口述了他旅行的回憶以及從別人那里聽到的故事,最 終《馬可?波羅游記》問世,迅速紅了起來。雖然很難證實他所說的是否都屬實,但馬可的書促 使歐洲人開始了他們偉大的航海探索之旅。
伊本?白圖泰在1325年出發(fā)去麥加朝圣,從此開始了他的旅行。在他的有生之年,他去了所 有的穆斯林國家旅行。他的書《伊本?白圖泰游記》記載了沙漠旅行、宮廷陰謀,甚至包括他游 歷過的地方受黑死病的影響。據(jù)估計,在差不多30年里,伊本?白圖泰的旅行行程有7萬5千多 英里。
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